Known by the Company We Keep: Stigma-By-Association Effects in the Workplace
整合心理学、社会学和组织学文献，提出模型解释同事如何因与受污名者交往而遭受负面评价，并讨论对组织促进包容关系的启示。
We integrate the psychological literature on spillover effects in interpersonal perception, the sociological literature on stigma, and the organizational literature on gossip in social networks to develop a model explaining how coworkers evaluate organizational members who interact with stigmatized individuals. We present propositions predicting how coworker characteristics, relationship characteristics, and stigma characteristics influence the likelihood an initially nonstigmatized employee will be negatively evaluated following association with a stigmatized individual. Finally, we discuss implications of the model for organizations trying to foster relationships between organizational members and stigmatized individuals.