Co‐operative Life Cycle and Goals
通过十个案例研究，发现合作社生命周期中利益相关者目标多样性增加，主要群体间目标一致性下降，后期阶段管理者目标取代农民目标，组织更接近投资者导向企业。
Ten case study businesses were assessed in relation to sixteen criteria in order to test the application of an hypothesised life cycle. Analysis of stakeholder aspirations for each of these ten businesses was also undertaken. On the basis of the empirical evidence, it was demonstrated that stakeholder groups favour diverse goals, that the level of goal coherence between major stakeholder groups declines as a co‐op progresses through the co‐operative life cycle and that in the later stages of the life cycle, the aspirations of the managers, rather than those of the farmers, are realised. Furthermore, the managers' preferred goals are reflected in the organisational and financial structures and trading practices of individual late stage businesses, which are more akin to investor oriented firms than traditional co‐operatives.