Mortgage Lending Discrimination and the Decision to Apply: A Methodological Note
指出以往研究未考虑贷方可能通过预筛选阻止受保护群体提交书面申请，从而造成歧视测量偏差，并开发了检验和纠正此类偏差的估计方法。
Previous studies of lenders' decisions to accept or reject loan applications have not accounted for the possibility that lenders discourage written applications from members of protected classes, i.e., prescreening. This paper discusses how prescreening and self‐selection may bias the measurement of discrimination. Estimation techniques are developed that test and correct for such bias whether or not information is available on non‐applicants.