The influence of subjective expectations about length and quality of life on time trade‐off answers
研究了受访者在回答时间权衡法问题时，其关于寿命长度和生活质量的主观预期如何影响结果，发现这些预期可能作为未观测到的参照点导致偏差。
When answering TTO questions respondents sometimes have to imagine being in a certain health state during their remaining lifespan, often based on objective life tables. Respondents however may have subjective expectations about length and quality of life that differ from the objective ones. If respondents do not fully abstract from own expectations, TTO scores may be biased. In this note, we indicate how subjective expectations could influence TTO scores and present some empirical findings suggesting that they do. Our results indicate that subjective expectations may serve as unobserved reference points and as such influence TTO responses.