The Roles of Personality and Self-Defeating Behaviors in Self-Management Failure
提出了一个个体层面的自我管理失败理论框架，介绍了六种自我挫败行为，并解释了人格如何使员工倾向于这些行为，进而破坏自我管理的标准设定、执行和监控过程。
This article proposes an individual-level theoretical framework of self-management failure. First, the authors introduce six self-defeating behaviors (SDBs) to the organizational literature. Second, they explain how personality may predispose employees to engage in these SDBs. Third, they define self-management failure and analyze how each SDB can undermine standard setting, operating, and monitoring. Throughout their presentation of the framework, the authors offer several research propositions. Finally, they discuss both the practical and theoretical implications of the framework.