Risky Business: The Market for Unprotected Commercial Sex
利用墨西哥数据，发现性工作者因客户愿支付更高价格而接受无保护性行为，其溢价为23%，吸引力强的性工作者溢价达46%，并估算出生命年价值。
While condoms are an effective defense against the transmission of HIV, large numbers of sex workers are not using them. We argue that some sex workers are willing to take the risk because clients are willing to pay more to avoid using condoms. Using data from Mexico, we estimate that sex workers received a 23 percent premium for unprotected sex. The premium represents a value of one life year of between $14,760 and $51,832 or one to five times annual earnings. The premium jumped to 46 percent if the sex worker was considered very attractive, a measure of bargaining power.