Positive-Findings Bias in QWL Studies: Rigor and Outcomes in a Large Sample
基于231项QWL评估研究的大样本，检验了正向结果偏差假说，发现研究严谨性仅能解释结果差异的不到7%，对批评者认为QWL高成功率源于方法缺陷的观点提供了有限支持。
This report seeks to determine whether the high success rates observed in a large survey of QWL evaluative studies (N = 231) can be substantially explained in terms of the lack of rigor of research methodology and design, as the literature critical of QWL often proposes. This studyfinds statistically significant support for a positive-findings bias hypothesis, but rigor explains less than 7% of the variance in outcomes. This implies only modest supportfor the position that attractive QWL results can be substantially accountedfor by a positive-findings bias.