Test‐Retest Reliability of Contingent Valuation with Independent Sample Pretest and Posttest Control Groups
指出传统重复测试法在评估条件价值信度时存在记忆效应和真实价值变化的混淆问题，提出使用独立前测与后测对照组来分离这些效应，并发现即使受访者无直接经验，事后估计的希克斯剩余仍可靠。
Abstract Test‐retest, the standard method used to investigate reliability of contingent valuation, is limited because when the time period between the two surveys is relatively short the study may exhibit testing recall. Conversely, when the time between the two surveys increases there is an increased chance the true value will change. The test‐retest design cannot isolate these effects. Independent pretest and posttest control groups allow testing of reliability even when recall occurs or the true value changes. Using this design, we found ex post estimates of Hicksian surplus are reliable regardless of whether respondents have direct experience with an activity.