A Simultaneous Analysis of Food Industry Conduct
估计联立方程模型，分析食品行业中广告和新产品引入作为阻止进入行为的替代形式，发现广告是进入壁垒而非促进进入的信息，政府身份标准与广告强度和新产品引入率负相关但可能人为填充产品空间使进入更难。
Abstract Intense advertising and new product introduction are substitute forms of entry‐deterring conduct practiced by producers of more differentiable food products. A simultaneous equation model is estimated to explain the relationship between these alternate forms of conduct and product class structure and performance. The results support the view that advertising is a barrier to entry rather than information that would facilitate entry. The extent of government‐imposed identity standards within a product class is inversely related to advertising intensity and the rate of new product introduction but may artificially fill the product space, making entry more difficult.