Understanding welfare stigma: Taxpayer resentment and statistical discrimination
构建了福利污名的两种模型：统计歧视与纳税人怨恨，分析它们如何影响福利领取决策和受助者福祉，并探讨污名与项目设计的关系。
Welfare stigma is widely regarded to be of central importance in understanding the impact of welfare programs in their goal of alleviating poverty. It affects both the decision to take up benefits and the well-being of those who actually do. This paper develops alternative models of the determinants of welfare stigma. We identify two views: a statistical discrimination approach and a taxpayer resentment view. We discuss how each may be formalized and derive their implications. We then examine what they imply about the relationship between stigma and program design.