A Model of Discovery
实证研究发现更强的专利对创新几乎没有促进作用，本文用标准收益递减模型解释这一现象，并说明垄断在创新中的角色可能被误解。
Empirical research has reached the puzzling conclusion that stronger patents do little or nothing to encourage innovation. We show that the facts that have led to the assumption of fixed cost in the discovery process can be equally well explained by a standard model of diminishing returns. This may explain much of the misunderstanding of the (supposedly positive) role of monopoly in innovation and growth, thereby accounting for the empirical puzzle.