Is GlobalGAP Certification of Small-Scale Farmers Sustainable? Evidence from Thailand
利用面板数据分析泰国小农户获得GlobalGAP认证后的收入变化，发现生产者管理小组中的农户收入显著增加，而出口商管理小组和小规模农户收入提升不明显；同时，出口商支持和农场规模是影响认证续期的关键因素。
This paper presents a panel data analysis of the impacts of donor-supported GlobalGAP certification on farmers’ net household incomes and estimates the factors influencing continued compliance with the standard after the withdrawal of donor support. Our results show that farmers certified in producer-managed groups derive significant benefits from certification. In contrast, producers organised in exporter-managed certification groups and smaller farmers in general do not experience comparable income increases. Regarding the determinants of continued compliance, we find that support from exporters and the scale of the farming operation are the most important factors influencing the renewal of the GlobalGAP certificate.