Trade Associations as Information Exchange Mechanisms
研究寡头竞争企业间在互惠基础上共享未知需求参数信息的激励，发现当成本函数足够凸时，信息共享（如通过行业协会）是帕累托更优的纳什均衡，且消费者剩余也增加。
This article examines the incentives of firms competing in an oligopolistic industry to share information about an unknown demand parameter when such sharing takes place on a quid pro quo basis. The model predicts that if total cost functions are sufficiently convex, information sharing (such as through a trade association) is Pareto-preferred to a setting of private information and forms a Nash equilibrium. Expected consumer surplus also always increases when information is shared.