Work and Welfare as Determinants of Female Poverty and Household Headship
构建模型分析女性户主身份的决定因素，发现福利削减会减少少数族裔女性户主比例但加剧其贫困，而妻子工作对贫困和户主身份的影响因种族而异。
This paper formulates and estimates a model of the determinants of female household headship. Headship responds to variations in the levels of well-being a woman can expect if she marries or if she heads her own household. We measure the opportunity cost of female headship and the effects of welfare benefits and women's work in the market on female headship and poverty. We find that if welfare benefits were reduced, there would be small reductions in the proportion of women heading households for whites and nonwhites, but a substantial increase in poverty for nonwhites. We also find that wives' work in the market reduces poverty and female headship for nonwhites, and reduces poverty, but increases headship for whites.