GREEN STAKEHOLDERS: INDUSTRY INTERPRETATIONS AND RESPONSE*
认为用利益相关者框架研究行业对绿色压力的回应很有价值，但主张用解释性视角取代客观配置观。通过对英国四个行业管理者的定性研究，分析了不同利益相关者（如活动家、监管者、顾客等）对行业绿色化的影响差异。
This paper argues that industrial responses to ‘green’ pressures may fruitfully be explored using a stakeholder framework. However, the common view of an objective configuration of stakeholders is replaced with one that favours an interpretive perspective. Managers are viewed as crucial mediators of stakeholder influence; how they identify, define and construct stakeholders is an important feature of the meaning of greening and an industry's subsequent response. A qualitative study of managers in four UK industries ‐ supermarkets, automotives, power and chemicals ‐ is reported. the effect of a small number of stakeholders ‐ campaigners and regulators ‐ is examined in some detail, distinguished differentially according to their perceived legitimacy and the threat they pose to industry. Also examined is the large group of traditionally powerful stakeholders ‐ customers, creditors and employees ‐ who fail markedly to impact on industry's greening. the implications of the findings for pro‐environmental change and stakeholder theory are discussed.