A Multivariate Sample‐Selection Model: Estimating Cigarette and Alcohol Demands with Zero Observations
将Heckman样本选择模型推广到多元情形，用于估计美国个人对香烟、啤酒和葡萄酒的需求，发现该模型优于传统方法，且人口变量比收入更能解释消费差异。
Abstract Heckman's sample‐selection model is generalized to the multivariate case and used to estimate demands for cigarettes, beer, and wine by individuals in the United States. The specification allows correlations between the error terms of multiple selection and level equations, and nests the popular bivariate sample‐selection model and two‐part model. Empirical results suggest that the proposed model performs better than the restricted specifications. Differentiated effects of variables on probabilities and levels of consumption also suggest rejection of the Tobit system. Gender differences are present, and demographic variables are more important than income in determining consumption of cigarettes, beer, and wine.