Estimating an economic model of crime using panel data from North Carolina
复刻了Cornwell和Trumbull（1994）的犯罪模型估计，发现固定效应两阶段最小二乘估计不显著，而随机效应两阶段最小二乘估计更合理且显著，并指出传统Hausman检验在存在内生变量时可能误导。
Abstract This paper replicates the Cornwell and Trumbull ( 1994 ) estimation of a crime model using panel data on 90 counties in North Carolina over the period 1981–1987. While the Between and Within estimates are replicated, the fixed effects 2SLS as well as the 2SLS estimates are not. In fact, the fixed effects 2SLS estimates turn out to be insignificant for all important deterrent variables as well as legal opportunity variables. We argue that the usual Hausman test, based on the difference between fixed effects and random effects, may lead to misleading inference when endogenous variables of the conventional simultaneous equation type are among the regressors. We estimate the model using random effects 2SLS and perform a Hausman test based on the difference between fixed effects 2SLS and random effects 2SLS. We cannot reject the consistency of the random effects 2SLS estimator and this estimator yields plausible and significant estimates of the crime model. This result should be tempered by the legitimacy of the chosen instruments. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.