Optimal Tariffs: A Generalization
一般化分析了最优关税的条件，发现当外国供给面凹向下或外国实行自由贸易且生产技术与消费者偏好严格凸时，平均最优关税为正；若外国有多个消费者，平均最优关税可能为负。
Optimal tariffs are positive on average if the foreign offer surface is concave down or the foreign country practices free trade and has a strictly convex production technology and a representative consumer with strictly convex preferences. If it has a representative consumer and positive tariffs on average, then optimal home trade subsidies cannot exceed the foreign tariffs on average. If all goods are normal for the representative foreign consumer and the foreign country imposes a fixed tariff, then optimal tariffs are nonnegative on average. If the foreign country has several consumers, then optimal tariffs can be negative on average. Copyright 1991 by Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.