Congestion Pricing and Capacity of Large Hub Airports: A Bottleneck Model with Stochastic Queues
构建了一个包含随机队列和时变交通率的瓶颈模型，利用明尼阿波利斯-圣保罗机场数据估计排队与时刻延误成本，模拟均衡交通模式、拥堵费、机场收入及效率收益，并检验主导航空公司是否内化其航班造成的延误。
This paper models and estimates congestion prices and capacity for large hub airports. The model includes stochastic queues, time-varying traffic rates, and endogenous, intertemporal adjustment of traffic in response to queuing delay and fees. Relative costs of queuing and schedule delays are estimated using data from Minneapolis-St. Paul. Simulations calculate equilibrium traffic patterns, queuing delays, schedule delays, congestion fees, airport revenues, airport capacity, and efficiency gains. The paper also investigates whether a dominant airline internalizes delays its aircraft impose. It tests game-theoretic specifications with atomistic, Nash-dominant, Stackelberg-dominant, and collusive-airline traffic