An Organizational Memory Approach to Information Management
扩展了群体记忆模型到组织层面，指出下世纪信息管理挑战可通过将信息处理活动置于组织边界外、采用新型社会化策略以及管理软知识形式（如隐性知识、判断力）来应对，强调组织记忆过程对信息技术的补充作用。
We extend and adapt a model of group memory to organizations. Using this extended model, they identify information management challenges of the next century and suggest that organizations can address these challenges by locating a large portion of their information-processing activities outside their formal boundaries, by adopting novel socialization tactics, and by focusing on the management of soft knowledge forms (e.g., tacit knowledge, judgment, and intuitive abilities). Whereas current theories increasingly equate information management with the management of information technology, we argue that information technology needs to be complemented by organization-level processes related to organizational memory.