Making Friends in Hostile Environments: Political Strategy in Regulated Industries
研究受监管企业如何针对多个政府机构制定政治策略，以争取更有利的监管决定，并预测企业在何种情况下会采用间接策略而非直接策略。
We examine how regulated firms target their political strategies at multiple government institutions to gain more favorable regulatory agency decisions. Integrating the corporate political strategy literature and positive political theory literature, we derive propositions that (1) identify the political and regulatory circumstances generating hostile environments and (2) delineate the conditions under which firms will employ an indirect strategy instead of a direct strategy to induce changes in regulator decisions, identifying the specific political institutions a firm will target when adopting an indirect strategy. We develop a rich set of predictions about firms' political strategy that can form the basis for future empirical testing.