Natural Resource Management and Economywide Policies in Costa Rica: A Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Modeling Approach
使用可计算一般均衡模型分析哥斯达黎加政府政策对森林的影响，发现纠正市场失灵可减少森林砍伐，而降低非熟练劳动力税或对农产品征税会改变砍伐激励。
A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is used to trace the effects of government policies on Costa Rican forests in the presence of incomplete markets. The results indicate that correcting the market failure would, as expected, reduce deforestation. More interestingly, in the presence of the market failure, lowering the tax on unskilled labor reduces deforestation because people gain employment in other parts of the economy. Taxation of other produced goods changes the incentives for deforestation. For example, a tax on agricultural products elevates the relative price of capital and shifts resources away from the capital-intensive industrial sector toward the agricultural and forest sectors; as a result, such a tax increases deforestation. Copyright 1995 by Oxford University Press.