The Hot Air in R2 and Consistent Measures of Explained Variation
指出R²和调整R²在因变量均值非平稳时是不一致的拟合优度指标，并提出了一致估计方法，对实证研究者选择模型评价指标有参考价值。
Abstract The size of R 2 and R̅ 2 are poor specification indicators since correctly specified models can have “low” R 2 values and misspecified models often have “high” R 2 values. Further, R 2 and R̅ 2 , as typically calculated, are found to be inconsistent measures of goodness of fit whenever the mean of the dependent variable is not stationary. Consistent estimation methods are proposed.