Adjusting to a Strong $: Lessons from the European Experience
回顾了欧洲制造商应对进口渗透的调整策略，分析不同策略对竞争绩效的影响，为美国制造商应对美元升值带来的进口竞争提供借鉴。
As a result of the rise in the value of the dollar against most other currencies, U.S. manufacturers are threatened at home by an unprecedented influx of imports and abroad by increasing uncompetitiveness of U.S. exports. The problem of adjusting to competition from lower-cost exporting countries is not a phenomenon exclusive to the U.S.: Western European producers, particularly those in mature manufacturing industries, have also been forced to adjust to low-cost competition. This review of responses by European manufacturers to import penetration identifies a number of adjustment strategies and examines the consequences of different strategies for competitive performance.