Moderator Variables in Leadership Research
梳理了领导力研究中调节变量的混乱使用，提出基于作用机制的分类法（中和/增强、替代/补充、中介），并应用于权变理论，为未来研究提供指导。
Much recent research on leadership has concerned moderator (contingency) variables. This research has yielded equivocal and/or conflicting results. Conceptually distinct variables have been treated as if they operate in the same fashion. This paper suggests a typology of moderators based on the mechanisms by which moderators operate. Moderators are classified as neutralizers/enhancers, substitutes/supplements, or mediators depending on how they affect leader behavior-criterion relationships. The typology is applied to several contingency theories of leadership and implications for future leadership research and practice are discussed.