The observed landholding‐fertility relationship ‐ is it monotonic?
用孟加拉国农村数据发现，土地持有对生育率的影响并非单调：不加控制时为正，控制大家庭土地共享后为负，加入平方项后呈U形关系，并从儿童劳动的声望成本角度解释。
Abstract Empirical studies of fertility in traditional agriculture report either a positive or a negative estimate for landholding. Estimation with data from rural Bangladesh, in this study, shows that the uncontrolled effect of landholding on fertility is positive; however, when the impact of pooling land in extended families is controlled for, the effect turns negative; yet the addition of a quadratic term for landholding provides a significantly U‐shape relationship. The non‐monotonic relationship is analysed in terms of ‘prestige‐cost’ of child labour which is assumed to increase with landholding, but to generate differential child contributions to household income and potential old‐age support to parents.