Radical surgery: what will tomorrow's organizations look like?
认为19-20世纪的组织模式已过时，提出围绕知识/学习中心、恢复/发展中心等五个新实体构建组织，旨在激发读者思考替代设计方案。
Executive Overview The problems America's organizations are facing are not due to temporary downturns in the economy. They are a vivid testimony to the fact that organizations of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are obsolete. We need radically new kinds of organizations to meet the extreme challenges of today's world and tomorrow's. In the past, organizations have been structured around largely autonomous, self-contained, traditional functions such as accounting, finance, human resources, law, marketing, strategic planning, and so on. While important, they are no longer the building blocks of today's organizations. Today's environment has produced new challenges—crisis management, issues management, global competitiveness, total quality management, environmentalism, ethics programs—for which the traditional functions are largely inadequate. To meet tomorrow's challenges, we propose that organizations be structured around five new organizational entities: (1) a Knowledge/Learning Center. (2) a Recovery/Development Center, (3) a World Service/Spiritual Center, (4) a World Class Operations Center, and (5) a Leadership Institute. In effect, we propose a new philosophy of organization design. Because this new design is controversial, we harbor no illusions that it will be accepted easily. Indeed, one fundamental purpose of this article is to provoke others to generate alternate designs of their own. We are not, therefore, asking readers to accept our framework, but to engage in the production of alternate designs. In the end, the important issue is the concerns raised by each center, not the design itself.