Nutrition and Well-Being in the Late Nineteenth Century
利用1888年生活成本调查数据，估计英美工业工人对卡路里的需求弹性，发现美国工人营养状况优于英国工人，且差异源于美国更高的工资水平。
Using the 1888 Cost of Living Survey, I estimate the demand for calories of American and British industrial workers. I find that the income and expenditure elasticities of calories for American households are significantly lower than the corresponding elasticities for British households, suggesting that American industrial workers were nutritionally better off than their British counterparts. I further find that the calorie elasticity differential between the two countries was driven by the higher wages enjoyed in the United States. Additional analysis reveals that the relative price of calories was approximately 20 percent greater in Great Britain than in the United States.