Export Barriers
研究了西班牙葡萄酒行业286家中小企业的出口障碍感知，发现随着企业出口发展进程推进，决策者对各类出口障碍的感知均下降。
What are the factors that impede firms’ international expansion? Does a firm with marginal export activity perceive the same export barriers as a company wholly devoted to the export market? This article addresses these and other questions through data collected from a total of 286 exporting and non-exporting small and medium-sized firms in the Spanish wine industry. The results show that decision makers’ perceptions of export barriers–regardless of the type of barrier considered–decrease as the firm moves further in the export development process, even when pre-export stages are taken into account. The main implications of this research work, together with its limitations, are presented in the ‘Discussion and Conclusions’ section of the article.