Conservation and Development: Justice, Inequality, and Attitudes around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
研究了乌干达布温迪国家公园周边地区，发现保护项目带来的直接利益虽有助于补偿公园造成的损害，但覆盖面有限，而交通、健康等间接利益影响更广，同时保护加剧了当地经济不平等。
Do national parks promote development in their immediate surroundings? And is local development instrumental in the success of conservation goals? We investigated allocation of opportunities and burdens around a national park in Uganda. Our findings suggest that direct benefits from conservation and development projects may promote distributional justice by compensating for park-related damages, but are too limited in their coverage to impact development. Indirect benefits related to transportation, health, education, and security affect a far greater segment of the population. Furthermore, the benefits of conservation tend to increase local economic inequality. Contrasting tendencies in terms of distributional justice and economic equality can partly be explained by the human geography of national parks and this geography must be taken into account if broad development goals are to be achieved. Improved local attitudes towards the park seem to have resulted from a complex of effects rather than any single development initiative.