Pricing and Investment Policies in a System of Competitive Commuter Railways
构建了一个城市竞争性通勤铁路的空间均衡模型，分析不同交通政策对定价和投资决策的影响，发现竞争性铁路系统无法实现最优配置，并考察三种政府干预能否达到最优。
This paper develops a simple spatial equilibrium model of a city served by competing commuter railways and analyses the effects of different transportation policies on their pricing and investment decisions. It is shown that a system of competitive railway companies does not achieve the optimal allocation. We then examine whether or not three types of government intervention, i.e. subsidies to railway companies, a rate-of-return regulation, and the ownership of residential land by railway companies, can achieve the optimal allocation.