FORMALIZATION AND THE ORGANIZATIONAL LIFE CYCLE[1]
探讨正式化对行政效率和影响力的双重作用，指出早期提升效率、后期可能因权力滥用导致组织衰退，对理解组织生命周期管理有参考价值。
The theoretical importance of formalization has often been obscured in empirical investigation. This article discusses two outcomes of formalization: administrative efficiency, and influence. As formalization contributes to administrative efficiency, it also bestows upon the administrator power and influence. While some theoretical attention has been paid to the efficiency theme, influence has been largely ignored. The article suggests that formalization as code, as channel, and as standard can be best understood in the context of the organizational life cycle. Formalization (as efficiency) is likely to contribute to effectiveness early in an organization's history. Later in the life cycle, however, formalization (as influence) may contribute to organizational ineffectiveness and decline.