From “Silicon Island” to “Biopolis of Asia”: Innovation Policy and Shifting Competitive Strategy in Singapore
分析了新加坡从工业经济向知识经济转型中，创新路径和竞争战略的变化，特别是生物医药集群中学术部门的作用，对寻求全球化下新政策的国家有借鉴意义。
This article analyzes the multiple innovation trajectories and changes in competitive strategy in Singapore as it evolves from an industrial economy to a knowledge-based economy. In addition to the existing national innovation system in the well-heeled industrial manufacturing sectors such as electronics, chemicals, and precision engineering, a new mode of innovation has been evolving in the research-intensive biomedical industries cluster, which emphasizes a special role for the academic sector in the innovation milieu. Biotech investments at the moment appear to pose high risks due to the rather amorphous and unclear market signals coming out of the industry. However, as technologies become more speculative, governments do need to spread their bets more widely to enable more possibilities to emerge. The challenges and opportunities Singapore faces have relevance to other states seeking to adopt new policies for gaining competitiveness and national comparative advantage in an era of globalization.