Trade in Producer Services: A Heckscher-Ohlin Approach
假设一种商品和资本服务可贸易，分析服务贸易能否达到与商品贸易相同的均衡，并探讨关税和要素税对贸易模式及福利的影响。
Trade in services has become topical, but little theory has been developed. This paper assumes that one commodity and the services of capital are tradable and examines the traditional trade results. Service trade can produce the same equilibrium as commodity trade, but substantial differences exist depending on whether the tradable commodity is capital or labor intensive. Tariffs on either commodity have the same commodity price effects and will always increase the welfare of the immobile factor labor. Factor income taxes can also affect trade patterns. When both goods and capital services are tradable, there is an indeterminacy in trade patterns, and tariffs, while reducing commodity trade, may not reduce welfare. Copyright 1989 by University of Chicago Press.