Differential pricing when costs differ: a welfare analysis
分析了在服务成本因消费者群体而异的情况下，垄断差别定价的福利效应。发现基于成本的差别定价相比统一定价能提高总福利和消费者福利，即使总产出下降或产出分配恶化。
This article analyzes the welfare effects of monopoly differential pricing in the important, but largely neglected, case where costs of service differ across consumer groups. Cost‐based differential pricing is shown to increase total welfare and consumer welfare relative to uniform pricing for broad classes of demand functions, even when total output falls or the output allocation between consumers worsens. We discuss why cost‐based differential pricing tends to be more beneficial for consumers than its demand‐based counterpart, third‐degree price discrimination. We also provide sufficient conditions for welfare‐improving differential pricing when costs and demands differ across consumer groups.