EFFICIENT COMPLIANCE WITH AGRICULTURAL NITRATE POLLUTION STANDARDS
研究了英国泰恩河流域的硝酸盐减排政策，通过模型比较了不同配额措施，发现针对土地等级的氮投入配额是可行且高效的合规方案。
Non‐point pollutants such as nitrates are difficult to monitor and hence control. This paper considers nitrate abatement policies for the Tyne catchment in northern England. The analysis is based on an aggregate‐level LP model which predicts producers' production decisions and estimates the resulting spatial distribution of nitrogen applications and nitrate emissions. The policy evaluation compares a catchment‐level nitrate emission quota, a catchment‐level nitrogen input quota and nitrogen input quotas targeted at individual land classes as alternative measures to achieve nitrate concentration standards. The results indicate that targeted nitrogen input quotas provide a feasible and relatively efficient abatement policy when a lack of information on individual farms prevents the use of the least cost emission tax.