Network Closure or Structural Hole? The Conditioning Effects of Network–Level Social Capital on Innovation Performance
通过模拟数据，研究了网络密度如何调节企业层面的中心度和结构洞对创新绩效的影响，发现低密度网络中两者互补，高密度网络中中心度作用减弱、结构洞反而有害。
This study contributes to the bonding–bridging debate in the social capital literature by examining the conditioning effects of collective social capital. Data generated from simulation reveals that network density, a measure of network–level social capital, negatively moderates the impacts of firm–level social capitals, measured separately by degree centrality and structural hole, on a firm's innovation performance. Specifically, in low–density networks, degree centrality and structural holes are complementary at enhancing innovation performance. In high–density networks, the positive impact of degree centrality weakens and structural holes turn out to be detrimental. The findings not only advance our understanding of the cross–level dynamics of social capital, but also provide a possible explanation for the mixed empirical results found in previous studies.