Occupational Segregation, Teachers' Wages, and American Economic Growth
研究了19世纪美国受过教育的女性大量涌入教师职业的现象，发现更多女性上学导致教师工资和教育服务价格下降，从而降低了教育成本，帮助美国在世纪末成为教育水平最高的国家。
National, state, and individual-level data are used to explore the implications of the crowding of educated women into the teaching profession in nineteenth-century America. It is found that the more young women attended school, the lower were teacher wages and the price of educational services. Through this mechanism young women paid for their own education and, by lowering the price of educational services, helped America develop the best-educated population in the world by the century's end.