Family SMEs' Internationalization: Disentangling the Influence of Familiness on Spanish Firms' Export Activity
研究了家族性（权力、经验、文化）三个维度对西班牙家族中小企业出口活动的影响，发现家族经验和文化导向有正向作用，而家族治理/管理无显著影响。
This paper studies the relationships between family involvement and internationalization of family small and medium enterprises (), examining the effects exerted by the three main dimensions that comprise the concept of familiness: power, experience, and culture. Disentangling the influence of familiness dimensions lead us to discover the combined effects of family's governance, generation, and culture on ' export activity. The results, using the ‐ scale over a sample of 500 Spanish firms, show that this multidimensional approach better identifies the determinants of the family ' internationalization. Specifically, we find that the family experience and its culture orientation positively affect the firm's export activity, whereas family governance/management does not have any significant influence.