The Productivity Effects of Internal and External R&D: Evidence from a Dynamic Panel Data Model*
利用荷兰制造业企业六年面板数据，发现内部与外部研发存在互补性，外部研发只有在内部研发充足时才提升生产率，且规模报酬递减。
Abstract We examine the impact of internal and external R&D on labour productivity in a 6‐year panel of Dutch manufacturing firms. We apply a dynamic panel data model that allows for decreasing or increasing returns to scale in internal and external R&D and for economies of scope. We find complementarity between internal and external R&D, with a positive impact of external R&D only evident in case of sufficient internal R&D. These findings confirm the role of internal R&D in enhancing absorptive capacity. The scope economies are accompanied by decreasing returns to scale at high levels of internal and external R&D. The analysis indicates that productivity grows by increasing the share of external R&D in total R&D.