Female Entrepreneurship, Agglomeration, and a New Spatial Mismatch
构建理论模型并实证发现，女性创业者因社交网络较弱或家务负担较重，倾向于选择远离集聚区、通勤距离更短的地点，导致男女企业空间隔离，女性企业周边同行业就业密度低10%至20%。
Female entrepreneurs may be less networked than their male counterparts and so derive less benefit from agglomeration. They may also have greater domestic burdens and therefore have higher commuting costs. This paper develops a theoretical model showing that either of these forces can lead to the segregation of male- and female-owned businesses, with female entrepreneurs choosing locations farther from agglomerations and commuting shorter distances. Empirical analysis is consistent with these predictions. Female-owned businesses are segregated, often to a degree similar to black-white residential segregation. Female-owned enterprises are less exposed to agglomeration, with 10% to 20% less own-industry employment nearby. © 2012 The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.