U.S. Cigarette Consumption: The Case of Low‐Income Women
使用双障碍模型和优势模型，检验低收入女性吸烟参与和消费量决策是否独立，发现参与受地区、子女数、教育和种族影响，消费量受地区、年龄、种族和健康状况影响。
Abstract We use double‐hurdle or Cragg models to test whether decisions about smoking participation and consumption levels are separate, endogenous choices. We also estimate several dominance models which assume that standard corner solutions are not applicable. A complete dominance model with independence between the participation and consumption decisions is the preferred specification for our data. The most important variables influencing participation are region, number of children, education, and ethnicity. Region, age, race, ethnicity, and health status most affected consumption levels.