Spatial Dynamics of Water and Nitrogen Management in Irrigated Agriculture
研究非均匀灌溉下作物生产的动态优化，发现空间变异性使灌溉用水增加40%、硝酸盐排放增加六倍，而动态优化影响较小；减排主要通过减少灌溉实现，传统系统可低成本节水控污。
Abstract Dynamic optimization of crop production with nonuniform irrigation and nitrogen carryover and leaching is considered. A production function system with thresholds, plateau maximum, and yield reduction is estimated from experimental data; rapid convergence to a steady‐state is observed. Spatial variability implies a 40% increase in applied water and a six‐fold increase in nitrate emissions, while dynamic optimization has more modest impacts. Nitrate emission control is accomplished primarily through reduced applied water, illustrating a strong cross‐policy effect. Significant levels of water conservation and nitrate pollution control are achieved at relatively low cost with traditional irrigation systems and baseline conditions.