North–South Models of Growth and Trade
综述了将增长与贸易结合起来的南北互动模型，区分新旧增长与贸易理论，探讨技术领先的北方如何影响南方、贸易模式与收入差异、自由贸易与资本流动的收益是否需修正，以及南方为何保护制造业而北方降低壁垒。
The paper surveys the literature that combines growth and trade into models of North–South interaction. We distinguish two strands of growth theory: old (exogenous) and new (endogenous) growth. We also distinguish old trade theory which assumes constant returns to scale and perfect competition, and new trade theory which relaxes both of these assumptions. This gives us four possible combinations of growth and trade theories which provide the basis of the taxonomy employed in our survey. We address the following long–standing issues raised in the literature: first, given that one of the North–South asymmetries is that the North leads in technical progress, how does the South adjust to such changes? Second, can the models explain patterns of trade and income differentials between the regions? Third, do asymmetries mean that standard prescriptions on the mutual benefits of free trade and free movements of capital need to be modified? Finally, can our models explain why the South continues to favour protection of its manufacturing sectors at the same time that barriers within the North are being dismantled?