Import Competition and Skill Content in U.S. Manufacturing Industries
研究发现进口竞争能解释美国制造业中技能内容的显著变化，面临更激烈进口竞争的行业会雇佣更多非重复性技能（如认知、人际和手工技能），而减少认知重复性技能，且这一影响并非由低工资国家或中国的进口驱动。
Abstract Skill content varies enormously across industries and over time. This paper shows that import competition can explain a significant portion of the variation in various skill measures across manufacturing industries. Industries that face more intense import competition employ more nonroutine skill sets, including cognitive, interpersonal, and manual skills, and fewer cognitive routine skills. In addition, we find that the impact of import competition on skills is not driven by imports from low-wage countries or from China. A number of robustness checks also suggest that our results are unlikely to be driven by econometric problems.