Job Displacement and Mortality: An Analysis Using Administrative Data
利用1970-1980年代宾夕法尼亚工人的季度就业和收入数据，匹配1980-2006年社保死亡记录，发现高资历男性工人失业后一年死亡率比预期高50%-100%，长期影响持续，且收入损失越大死亡率上升越多。
We use administrative data on the quarterly employment and earnings of Pennsylvanian workers in the 1970s and 1980s matched to Social Security Administration death records covering 1980-2006 to estimate the effects of job displacement on mortality. We find that for high-seniority male workers, mortality rates in the year after displacement are 50%-100% higher than would otherwise have been expected. The effect on mortality hazards declines sharply over time, but even twenty years after displacement, we estimate a 10%-15% increase in annual death hazards. If such increases were sustained indefinitely, they would imply a loss in life expectancy of 1.0-1.5 years for a worker displaced at age forty. We show that these results are not due to selective displacement of less healthy workers or to unstable industries or firms offering less healthy work environments. We also show that workers with larger losses in earnings tend to suffer greater increases in mortality. This correlation remains when we examine predicted earnings declines based on losses in industry, firm, or firm-size wage premiums. (c) 2009 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology..