Sustainable Development: Concepts and Rankings
探讨了可持续发展概念中公平与福祉的潜在冲突，并检验了人类发展与环境保护之间的正向关联，发现基于不同国家样本和指标时结论不稳健。
One way of thinking about development - endorsed by the UNDP and the Brundtland Commission - involves improvements in the quality of life which are equitable. This conception invokes two values - equity and well-being - which can conflict. The potential conflict suggests that countries which are doing well in terms of well-being may perform badly on environmental concerns. Desai argued to the contrary that there are positive linkages between human development and environmental protection. He found tentative support for this claim in rankings of developing countries in terms of the HDI and indices of environmental exploitation. This result is not robust when similar exercises are carried out using a different set of countries and closely related indices.