Uniform or discriminating payments for environmental production on arable land under asymmetric information
研究了在农民成本信息不对称时，对耕地环境产品（如湿地）采用统一支付还是差别支付更优，发现两种政策的净收益排序取决于环境价值与成本函数的二阶导数关系，并以瑞典西南部耕地转湿地为例进行了数值验证。
Uniform payments are often made to farmers for providing environmental goods (e.g. wetland or semi-natural landscape) on arable land. Assuming hidden information on farmers' costs of converting land for environmental purposes, this paper investigates under what conditions a uniform policy (flat-rate payment) is better than a more sophisticated mechanism that reflects provision costs. A simplified analytical case shows indeterminate results. The ranking of net benefits under the two policies depends on the relationship between the second derivatives of the environmental value and cost functions. A numerical demonstration of arable conversion to wetland in southwestern Sweden shows that net benefits under the two policies can differ significantly. Copyright 2004, Oxford University Press.