Urbanization and food imports in sub-Saharan Africa
使用格兰杰因果检验分析了24个撒哈拉以南非洲国家中城市化与食品进口、食品援助的关系，发现城市化在13个国家推动了食品进口增长，而食品援助在16个国家促进了城市化。
The Granger statistical test of causality was used to examine the relationship between total food imports and urbanization and between food aid and urbanization. Urbanization appears to have caused total food imports to increase in 13 of the 24 countries. Food imports appear to be a cause of urbanization in three countries. Food aid, however, apparently was a cause of urbanization in 16 of the 24 countries used in the analysis.