After the Fall: Reintegrating the Corrupt Organization
提出一个四阶段模型，描述组织在违规后如何通过发现事实、解释错误、接受惩罚和进行内外改革来恢复合法性，从而更可能成功重新融入利益相关者。
We propose a four-stage model of the organizational actions that potentially increase the speed and likelihood that an organization will restore its legitimacy with stakeholders following a transgression. Organizations that work to discover the facts of the transgression, provide an appropriate explanation of their wrongdoing, accept and serve an equitable punishment, and make consistent internal and external rehabilitative changes increase the likelihood of meeting stakeholder demands and, consequently, have a higher probability of successfully achieving reintegration with stakeholders than those that do not.